>FICTION AND NON-FICTION

Studies suggest that fiction and nonfiction offer unique neurological benefits, but fiction may have a slight edge in promoting brain connectivity and empathy. Research from Emory University found that reading fiction enhances the brain's default mode network (DMN), associated with self-reflection, emotional awareness, and social cognition. This heightened connectivity suggests that engaging with fictional narratives allows readers to simulate characters’ experiences, strengthening empathy and introspection mentally.

Additionally, fiction readers score higher on assessments of the theory of mind—the ability to understand other's mental states—compared to non-fiction readers. This skill is essential for emotional intelligence and navigating social interactions effectively. Fiction has also been linked with stimulating sensory areas of the brain, meaning readers can experience what characters feel through embodied cognition, similar to how athletes visualize movements during training.

On the other hand, non-fiction improves factual knowledge and analytical thinking, which are valuable for problem-solving and critical reasoning. However, meta-analyses suggest that fiction readers demonstrate better verbal skills and cognitive flexibility than non-fiction readers over time.

In summary, both types of reading offer significant cognitive advantages, but fiction may have unique benefits for emotional development and brain connectivity. It fosters a deeper understanding of human experiences and improves social skills like non-fiction does not. Regular reading, regardless of genre, also supports cognitive health and reduces the risk of cognitive decline later in life by building cognitive reserve.

Sources: Psychology Today, Futurism, Neuroscience School, Big Think.